|
Daniel Abramovich Chwolson or Chwolsohn or Khvolson ((ロシア語:Даниил Авраамович (Абрамович) Хвольсон); (ヘブライ語:דניאל אברמוביץ' חבולסון)) () – )) was a Russian-Jewish orientalist. ==Biography== Chwolson was born at Vilna, which was then part of the Russian Empire. As he showed marked ability in the study of Hebrew and Talmud, his parents, who were very religious, destined him for the rabbinate, and placed him at the yeshiva of Rabbi Israel Günzburg. Up to his eighteenth year he did not know any other language than Hebrew, but in three years he acquired a fair knowledge of German, French, and Russian. Chwolson went to Breslau in 1841, and, after three years' preparation in the classical languages, entered Breslau University, where he devoted himself to the Oriental languages, especially Arabic. There he studied until 1848, and in 1850 he received the degree of doctor of philosophy at Leipzig University. On his return to Russia he settled in St. Petersburg, where his son, the physicist Orest Khvolson, was born in 1852. In 1855, being highly appreciated in learned circles, and having embraced Christianity, he was appointed extraordinary professor of Oriental languages in the university. Three years later he received a similar appointment in the Dukhovnaya Akademiya (Theological Academy). In 1856 the Imperial Academy issued, at its own expense, Chwolson's first work, which established the authority of its author in the field of Oriental research, the two-volume ''Die Ssabier und der Ssabismus'' (Sabians and Sabianism). Three years later Chwolson published ''Ueber die Ueberreste der Altbabylonischen Literatur in Arabischen Uebersetzungen'' (St. Petersburg, 1859; also in Russian in ''The Russian Messenger'' under the title ''Novootkrytie Pamyatniki''). This work made a great sensation among scholars by the importance of its discoveries and by Chwolson's theories concerning the old Babylonian monuments. It was followed in 1860 by ''Ueber Tammuz und die Menschenverehrung bei den Alten Babyloniern'' (ib. 1860). The learned world in 1899 celebrated Chwolson's literary jubilee by presenting him with a collection of articles written in his honor by prominent European scholars. This was published by Baron David Günzburg under the title ''Recueil des travaux rédigés en mémoire du jubilé scientifique de M. Daniel Chwolson'', Berlin, 1899. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Daniel Chwolson」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|